Monitoring of eosinophil levels

Oct 13, 2025 by vinooalluri.com 94 views

Differences in Serum Ferritin Levels with and without Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) Infection in Elementary School Children at the Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School in Tanjung Morawa, Deli Serdang Regency in 2018

Introduction

Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) infections have become a significant health problem worldwide, including in Indonesia. These parasites can cause iron deficiency, leading to iron deficiency anemia, especially in children. This study aims to compare serum Ferritin levels in elementary school children who are infected and uninfected with STH, as well as to explore the impact of the infection on the condition of iron in the body.

Background

STH infections are a major public health concern in Indonesia, with a significant number of children affected. The parasites can cause a range of health problems, including iron deficiency, anemia, and malnutrition. Iron deficiency is a major concern in children, as it can lead to impaired cognitive development, reduced physical growth, and increased risk of infections. Therefore, it is essential to understand the relationship between STH infection and serum Ferritin levels in children.

Research Methods

This study was conducted with a cross-sectional design involving 60 children, consisting of 30 children infected with STH and 30 children uninfected with STH. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure that the participants were representative of the target population. The Kato-Katz method was used for stool testing to detect the presence of worm eggs, while serum Ferritin levels were measured using Cobas E411 tools based on Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay. Complete blood analysis was carried out with Sysmex XN-1000 using the principle of combination of electric impedance and flow cytometry. The data obtained were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test to find out the difference between the two groups.

Results and Analysis

The results showed that there were no significant differences in serum Ferritin levels between the two groups (p = 0.24), and there was no significant relationship between worm egg infections and serum Ferritin levels (p = 0.603). In fact, the relationship was not detected between the intensity of worm infections, both in the combined infection of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura and a single Trichuris trichiura infection, against serum Ferritin levels (p = 0.153 and p = 0.11). In addition, no significant differences were found in the hemoglobin value (p = 0.524) and the leukocyte value (p = 0.086). However, there was a significant difference in the eosinophil value between the two groups (p = 0.001), indicating that STH infection can affect the level of eosinophils in the child's blood.

Discussion

The results of this study suggest that there was no significant difference in serum Ferritin levels between infected and uninfected children. However, the results show the impact of parasitic infections on the value of eosinophils, which can be an important indicator in the treatment and prevention of STH infection in children. Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system, and their levels can be affected by parasitic infections. Therefore, monitoring eosinophil levels can be an important tool in the diagnosis and treatment of STH infection.

Conclusion

This study concluded that there was no significant difference in serum Ferritin levels between infected and uninfected children. However, the results show the impact of parasitic infections on the value of eosinophils, which can be an important indicator in the treatment and prevention of STH infection in children. It is essential to pay attention to the health of children and take preventions and appropriate treatment for this disease, in order to avoid long-term impacts on their health and development. Further research needs to be done to understand more in the relationship between STH infection and the nutritional health of children in Indonesia.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

Monitoring of eosinophil levels: Eosinophil levels should be monitored regularly in children to detect any changes that may indicate STH infection.
Prevention of STH infection: Preventive measures should be taken to prevent STH infection, such as proper hygiene, sanitation, and health education.
Treatment of STH infection: Appropriate treatment should be given to children infected with STH, including deworming medication and nutritional supplements.
Further research: Further research should be conducted to understand more in the relationship between STH infection and the nutritional health of children in Indonesia.

Limitations

This study has several limitations, including:

Small sample size: The sample size of this study was small, which may limit the generalizability of the results.
Cross-sectional design: The study was conducted using a cross-sectional design, which may not capture the dynamic nature of STH infection.
Limited data analysis: The data analysis was limited to the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test, which may not capture the complexity of the relationship between STH infection and serum Ferritin levels.

Future Directions

Future studies should aim to:

Increase sample size: Increase the sample size to improve the generalizability of the results.
Use longitudinal design: Use a longitudinal design to capture the dynamic nature of STH infection.
Conduct more comprehensive data analysis: Conduct more comprehensive data analysis, including regression analysis and correlation analysis, to understand the relationship between STH infection and serum Ferritin levels.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study found no significant difference in serum Ferritin levels between infected and uninfected children. However, the results show the impact of parasitic infections on the value of eosinophils, which can be an important indicator in the treatment and prevention of STH infection in children. Further research is needed to understand more in the relationship between STH infection and the nutritional health of children in Indonesia.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) Infection and Serum Ferritin Levels

Q: What is Soil-Transmitted Helminth (STH) infection?

A: STH infection is a type of parasitic infection caused by worms that live in the soil and are transmitted to humans through contact with contaminated soil or water. The most common types of STH infections are caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworms.

Q: What are the symptoms of STH infection?

A: The symptoms of STH infection can vary depending on the type of worm and the severity of the infection. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue, and iron deficiency anemia.

Q: What is serum Ferritin?

A: Serum Ferritin is a protein that stores iron in the body. It is measured in the blood to determine the level of iron in the body. Low levels of serum Ferritin can indicate iron deficiency anemia.

Q: What is the relationship between STH infection and serum Ferritin levels?

A: Research has shown that STH infection can lead to iron deficiency anemia, which can be indicated by low levels of serum Ferritin. However, this study found no significant difference in serum Ferritin levels between infected and uninfected children.

Q: Why is it important to monitor eosinophil levels in children?

A: Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system. Monitoring eosinophil levels can help detect any changes that may indicate STH infection.

Q: What are the prevention and treatment measures for STH infection?

A: Prevention measures include proper hygiene, sanitation, and health education. Treatment measures include deworming medication and nutritional supplements.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including a small sample size, cross-sectional design, and limited data analysis.

Q: What are the future directions for research on STH infection and serum Ferritin levels?

A: Future studies should aim to increase the sample size, use a longitudinal design, and conduct more comprehensive data analysis to understand the relationship between STH infection and serum Ferritin levels.

Q: What are the implications of this study for public health policy?

A: This study highlights the importance of monitoring eosinophil levels in children and taking preventive measures to prevent STH infection. It also emphasizes the need for further research to understand the relationship between STH infection and serum Ferritin levels.

Q: What are the potential consequences of STH infection on children's health and development?

A: STH infection can lead to iron deficiency anemia, malnutrition, and impaired cognitive development. It is essential to take preventive measures and provide appropriate treatment to avoid long-term impacts on children's health and development.

Q: How can parents and caregivers help prevent STH infection in children?

A: Parents and caregivers can help prevent STH infection by ensuring proper hygiene, sanitation, and health education. They can also encourage children to wash their hands regularly, especially after using the bathroom or before eating.

Q: What are the next steps for research on STH infection and serum Ferritin levels?

A: Future research should aim to investigate the relationship between STH infection and serum Ferritin levels in different populations, including children and adults. It should also explore the impact of STH infection on other health outcomes, such as cognitive development and nutritional status.